The Computer Network Terminology you should be known

Autonomous Systems (AS)

A collection of routers under a single administrative authority, using a common Interior Gateway Protocol for routing packets.

Border Gate Protocol (BGP)

A protocol that distributes routing information to the routers, which connect autonomous systems.

Domain name

A series of alphanumeric strings separated by periods that is used to name organizations and computers and addresses on the Internet.

Domain Name System (DNS)

A general-purpose distributed, replicated, data query service chiefly used on Internet for translating hostnames into Internet addresses.

Firewall

A router or computer software that prevents unauthorized access to private data (as on a company's local area network or intranet) by outside computer users (as of the Internet).

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Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

A protocol used to request and transmit files, especially webpages and webpage components, over the Internet or other computer network.

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

One of the Internet protocols that allows for the generation of error messages, test packets, and informational messages related to IP.

Internet Protocol (IP)

A connectionless, best-effort packet switching protocol that provides packet routing, fragmentation and re assembly through the data link layer.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

A company that provides other companies or individuals with access to, or presence on, the Internet.

Listening post

A center for monitoring electronic communications (as of an enemy).

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Plaintext

The unencrypted form of an encrypted message.

Private network

A network composed of point-to-point leased lines between sites.

Router

A device that forwards packets between networks based on network layer information and routing tables, which often constructed by routing protocols.

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

A distance vector routing protocol that distributes routing information to the routers within an autonomous system.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

A protocol for the internet to get data from one network device to another by using a retransmission strategy to insure that data will not be lost in transmission.

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

A way of specifying the location of an object, typically a web page, on the Internet. It has two parts separated by a colon. The part before the first colon specifies the protocol. The part after the colon is the pathname of a file on the server.

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

A connectionless protocol in the transport layer layered on top of IP protocol that provides simple but unreliable datagram services.

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

A network composed of several sub private networks connected through a public network (as of the Internet). The network traffic is encrypted in the IP layer so that secure connections among the sub private networks are provided through the insecure public network.

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